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Comparison of the Latarjet Procedure With the Modified Putti-Platt Surgery for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Dislocation With Respect to Functional Outcome (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Anjum, Ihtisham; Ullah, Ubaid; *Fazli Maula, Aimen; Haroon, Hamza; Ahmad, Yaseen; Hassan, Rao E; Shahid, Kashan; Hussain, Saddam; Haider, Waseem; Ullah, Rizwan

Citation:
Cureus. 16(3):e57270, 2024 Mar.

Abstract:
Introduction Shoulder dislocation is the most common injury encountered in orthopedic outpatient department. The choice of procedure depends on the expertise of surgeons. The objective of this study was to compare the Latarjet procedure with the modified Putti-Platt surgery for recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation in terms of functional outcomes. Materials and methods A quasi-experimental study evaluated 60 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability. Patients were assigned to either Latarjet or modified Putti-Platt surgery. Functional outcomes were assessed at six months using the Constant-Murley shoulder score. Results This study encompassed 60 patients (mean age: 23.93+/-5.88 years) undergoing shoulder procedures. Functional outcomes exhibited a majority of 55% excellent, 35% good, 6.7% fair, and 3.3% poor outcomes. No significant differences in functional outcomes were found between the procedures. Conclusion Both procedures may be viable options for recurrent shoulder instability. The choice may depend on patient factors and surgeon preference. Further research is needed to refine techniques and identify ideal candidates.

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Frequency of CLAR and JAK2 mutations in Sudanese chronic myeloid leukemia patients with Philadelphia-positive disease (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Yasin E.B.; *Yasin A.

Citation:
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 16(8) (pp 133-137), 2023. Date of Publication: August 2023.

Abstract:
Objective: It is well-established that myeloproliferative diseases coexist with CLAR and JAK2. In Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), only a few case reports indicate the existence of CLAR, JAK2V617F, and JAK2 exon 12 mutations. Method(s): This study examined CALR and JAK2 mutation profiles in Sudanese Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients with Philadelphia-positive patients. Blood samples were collected from 100 patients with Ph+ CML chromosomes. Results for the JAK2V617F mutation were confirmed using the TaqMan Mutation Detection Assay, and the four common mutations on exon 12 and CLAR mutations were confirmed using allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and Sanger sequencing. Result(s): CML patients with CALR frameshift mutations were detected in two patients (2%), patients with JAK2 exon 12 mutations were found in two patients (2%), and patients with JAK2V617F mutations made up 4 (4%) of the total CML patients. No significant relationships existed between mutations and age, WBC, RBC, Hb, HCT, or platelet parameters. Patients with CLAR, JAK2 exon 12, and JAK2V617F mutations have normal leukocyte counts and lower values compared to triple-negative Ph+ CML, but these differences are not statistically significant (p values for each 0.084, 0.173, and 0.072). Conclusion(s): It is conceivable for Ph+ CML and all mutations to coexist.

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Treatment of periorbital veins with vascular laser: A systematic review and retrospective case series. (2024)

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Type of publication:
Systematic Review

Author(s):
Mandavia, Rishi; Ahmed, Muhammad; *Parmar, Dilen; Cariati, Massimiliano; Shahidi, Sepideh; Lapa, Tatiana.

Citation:
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 2024 Apr 24.

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Vascular lasers may represent a promising treatment option for periorbital veins. This article aims to: (1) systematically review the literature on the safety and effectiveness of vascular laser treatment for periorbital veins and (2) assess safety and effectiveness through a retrospective case series. METHODS: Systematic review: Articles that assessed the safety and effectiveness of vascular laser treatment for periorbital veins were included and quality assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. CASE SERIES: Patient records were retrospectively reviewed from January 2020 to November 2023 to identify all patients who underwent laser treatment for periorbital veins. Outcomes assessment included percentage improvement, patient overall satisfaction and adverse effects. RESULTS: Systematic review: Three articles were included, discussing treatment of blue, periorbital veins using a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser. Patient Fitzpatrick skin Types I-IV were treated with high patient satisfaction rates and complete clearance of treated veins. Adverse effects included pain, erythema, mild oedema, urticaria and blister formation. Quality of included studies ranged from 7 to 14 out of 21 points. CASE SERIES: Thirty-four patients with skin Types I-V were included. Blue and red periorbital veins were treated using 1064 and 532 nm wavelengths respectively. Mean percentage improvement was 4.8 (complete resolution) and patients' overall satisfaction was ranked 3 (completely satisfied). Adverse effects included erythema, oedema, and bruising. CONCLUSION: Treatment of red and blue periorbital veins using 532 and 1064 nm vascular lasers appears a safe treatment option. The procedure has a short recovery time, with patients able to resume normal activities within 1 day of treatment.

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A practical evidence-based approach to management of type 2 diabetes in children and young people (CYP): UK consensus (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
White, Billy; Ng, S M; Agwu, J C; Barrett, T G; Birchmore, N; Kershaw, M; Drew, J; Kavvoura, F; Law, J; Moudiotis, C; Procter, E; Paul, P; Regan, F; Reilly, P; Sachdev, P; *Sakremath, R; Semple, C; Sharples, K; Skae, M; Timmis, A; Williams, E; Wright, N; Soni, A.

Citation:
BMC Medicine. 22(1):144, 2024 Apr 02.

Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes in young people is an aggressive disease with a greater risk of complications leading to increased morbidity and mortality during the most productive years of life. Prevalence in the UK and globally is rising yet experience in managing this condition is limited. There are no consensus guidelines in the UK for the assessment and management of paediatric type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Multidisciplinary professionals from The Association of Children's Diabetes Clinicians (ACDC) and the National Type 2 Diabetes Working Group reviewed the evidence base and made recommendations using the Grading Of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Young people with type 2 diabetes should be managed within a paediatric diabetes team with close working with adult diabetes specialists, primary care and other paediatric specialties. Diagnosis of diabetes type can be challenging with many overlapping features. Diabetes antibodies may be needed to aid diagnosis. Co-morbidities and complications are frequently present at diagnosis and should be managed holistically. Lifestyle change and metformin are the mainstay of early treatment, with some needing additional basal insulin. GLP1 agonists should be used as second-line agents once early ketosis and symptoms are controlled. Glycaemic control improves microvascular but not cardiovascular risk. Reduction in excess adiposity, smoking prevention, increased physical activity and reduction of hypertension and dyslipidaemia are essential to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS: This evidence-based guideline aims to provide a practical approach in managing this condition in the UK.

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Association of day-case rates with post COVID-19 recovery of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy activity across England (2025)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Ayyaz, F M; Joyner, J; *Cheetham, M; Briggs, Twr; Gray, W K.

Citation:
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 107(1):54-60, 2025

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of day-case laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the association between day-case rates and, post the COVID-19 pandemic, recovery of activity to prepandemic levels for integrated care boards (ICBs) in England. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of the Hospital Episodes Statistics (HES) data set. Elective laparoscopic
cholecystectomies for the period 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022 were identified. Activity levels for 2022 were compared with those for the whole of 2019 (baseline). Day-case activity was identified where the length of stay recorded in the HES was zero days. RESULTS: Data were available for 184,252 patients across the 42 ICBs in England, of which 120,408 (65.3%) were day-case procedures. By December
2022, activity levels for the whole of England had returned to 88.2% of prepandemic levels. The South West region stood out as having recovered activity levels to the greatest extent, with activity at 97.3% of
prepandemic levels during 2022. The South West also had the highest postpandemic day-case rate at 74.9% of all patients seen as a day-case during 2022; this compares with an England average of 65.3%. At an ICB level, there was a significant correlation between day-case rates and postpandemic activity levels (r = 0.362, p = 0.019). There was no strong or consistent evidence that day-case surgery had poorer patient outcomes than inpatient surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Recovery of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy activity has been better in South West England than in other regions. Increasing day-case rates may be important if ICBs in other regions are to increase activity levels up to and beyond prepandemic levels.

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British Oncology Pharmacy Association Delphi Consensus Guidelines: co-infusion of trometamol-containing calcium folinate (Leucovorin) with Systemic Anti-Cancer Treatments (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Polwart C.; Root T.; Tezcan S.; Meehan S.; Wetherill B.; Waterson C.; *Burnett B.; Chauhan R.; Al-Modaris I.; Walters-Davies R.

Citation:
medRxiv. (no pagination), 2024. Date of Publication: 11 Feb 2024.

Abstract:
Drug stability and compatibility are critical factors influencing cost and logistics of treatment delivery, therapeutic effectiveness, and patient safety. This is particularly significant in the realm of cancer chemotherapeutics, where stability and compatibility studies play a vital role in ensuring rational and safe medicine administration. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan, commonly used in various combination for gastrointestinal cancers, are complemented by co-administration of folinic acid in certain protocols. Notably, some folinic acid preparations include trometamol as an excipient, potentially impacting the stability of the chemotherapeutic agents if infused concomitantly. This study seeks to establish guidelines for oncology multidisciplinary teams, addressing potential risks associated with the combination of trometamol-containing folinic acid and chemotherapeutics. To achieve this, a quantitative questionnaire was distributed to members of the British Oncology Pharmacy Association (BOPA) and non-BOPA members through an online survey. Nineteen healthcare professionals with oncology experience, comprising 18 pharmacists and 1 nurse, completed the questionnaires. Each participant rated the validity and clarity of statements on a 5-point scale. The Delphi process concluded after the fourth round, consolidating the findings and recommendations from the multidisciplinary team. Twelve recommendations for safe practice have been made.

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Diagnostic imaging of the diabetic foot: an EANM evidence-based guidance (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Lauri, Chiara; Noriega-Alvarez, Edel; *Chakravartty, Riddhika M; Gheysens, Olivier; Glaudemans, Andor W J M; Slart, Riemer H J A; Kwee, Thomas C; Lecouvet, Frederic; Panagiotidis, Emmanouil; Zhang-Yin, Jules; Martinez, Jose Luis Lazaro; Lipsky, Benjamin A; Uccioli, Luigi; Signore, Alberto.

Citation:
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging. 2024 Mar 27.

Abstract:
PURPOSE: Consensus on the choice of the most accurate imaging strategy in diabetic foot infective and non-infective complications is still lacking. This document provides evidence-based recommendations, aiming at defining which imaging modality should be preferred in different clinical settings. METHODS: This working group includes 8 nuclear medicine physicians appointed by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), 3 radiologists and 3 clinicians (one diabetologist, one podiatrist and one infectious diseases specialist) selected for their expertise in diabetic foot. The latter members formulated some clinical questions that are not completely covered by current guidelines. These questions were converted into statements and addressed through a systematic analysis of available literature by using the PICO (Population/Problem-Intervention/Indicator-Comparator-Outcome) strategy. Each consensus statement was scored for level of evidence and for recommendation grade, according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) criteria. RESULTS: Nine clinical questions were formulated by clinicians and used to provide 7 evidence-based recommendations: (1) A patient with a positive probe-to-bone test, positive plain X-rays and elevated ESR should be treated for presumptive osteomyelitis (OM). (2) Advanced imaging with MRI and WBC scintigraphy, or [18F]FDG PET/CT, should be considered when it is needed to better evaluate the location, extent or severity of the infection, in order to plan more tailored treatment. (3) In a patient with suspected OM, positive PTB test but negative plain X-rays, advanced imaging with MRI or WBC scintigraphy + SPECT/CT, or with [18F]FDG PET/CT, is needed to accurately assess the extent of the infection. (4) There are no evidence-based data to definitively prefer one imaging modality over the others for detecting OM or STI in fore- mid- and hind-foot. MRI is generally the first advanced imaging modality to be performed. In case of equivocal results, radiolabelled WBC imaging or [18F]FDG PET/CT should be used to detect OM or STI. (5) MRI is the method of choice for diagnosing or excluding Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy; [18F]FDG PET/CT can be used as an alternative. (6) If assessing whether a patient with a Charcot foot has a superimposed infection, however, WBC scintigraphy may be more accurate than [18F]FDG PET/CT in differentiating OM from Charcot arthropathy. (7) Whenever possible, microbiological or histological assessment should be performed to confirm the diagnosis. (8) Consider appealing to an additional imaging modality in a patient with persisting clinical suspicion of infection, but negative imaging. CONCLUSION: These practical recommendations highlight, and should assist clinicians in understanding, the role of imaging in the diagnostic workup of diabetic foot complications.

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Best practice for embryology staffing in HFEA licensed assisted conception centres-guidance from Association of Reproductive & Clinical Scientists (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
*Kasraie, Jason; Kennedy, Hannah

Citation:
Human Fertility. 27(1):2322729, 2024 Dec.

Abstract:
The Association of Reproductive and Clinical Scientists (ARCS) has long promoted the importance of externally accredited training and assessment of scientific staff within assisted conception centres to ensure professional registration and relevant training at all levels. This not only gives scientific staff the opportunity to empower themselves but also acts to ensure assisted conception centres maintain the highest standards of care and quality for patients whilst meeting HFEA requirements for staffing and training. It also provides assurance to patients that treatment is being delivered by highly trained and competent staff. Clinical embryology practice requires intense concentration, with increasingly complex treatment plans and options coupled with the ever-present consequences of clinical error at the forefront of practitioners' minds, exhaustion and burn out are very real risks. Overloading embryology teams is likely to lead to increased error rates and serious incidents. This guideline aims to bring the sector in line with other Clinical Science specialities to optimise patient care, increase safety, reduce risk (including the risk of legal action against centres and individuals), ensure the use of recognised job titles with appropriate levels of remuneration, and provide centres with a template to work towards for appropriate levels of scientific staffing.

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A genome-wide meta-analysis of palmoplantar pustulosis implicates Th2 responses and cigarette smoking in disease pathogenesis (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Hernandez-Cordero A.; Thomas L.; Smail A.; Lim Z.Q.; Saklatvala J.R.; Chung R.; Curtis C.J.; Baum P.; Visvanathan S.; Burden A.D.; Cooper H.L.; Dunnill G.; Griffiths C.E.M.; Levell N.J.; Parslew R.; Reynolds N.J.; Wahie S.; Warren R.B.; Wright A.; Simpson M.; Hveem K.; Barker J.N.; Dand N.; Loset M.; Smith C.H.; Capon F.; Abraham T.; Ali M.; August S.; Baudry D.; Becher G.; Bewley A.; Brown V.; Cornelius V.; Ghaffar S.; Ingram J.; Kavakleiva S.; *Kelly S.; Khorshid M.; Lachmann H.; Ladoyanni E.; McAteer H.; McKenna J.; Meynell F.; Patel P.; Pink A.; Powell K.; Pushparajah A.; Sinclair C.; Wachsmuth R.;

Citation:
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2024 May 28:S0091-6749(24)00553-0 [epub ahead of print]

Abstract:
Background: Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is an inflammatory skin disorder that mostly affects smokers and manifests with painful pustular eruptions on the palms and soles. While the disease can present with concurrent plaque psoriasis, TNF and IL-17/IL-23 inhibitors show limited efficacy. There is therefore a pressing need to uncover PPP disease drivers and therapeutic targets. Objective(s): To identify genetic determinants of PPP and investigate whether cigarette smoking contributes to disease pathogenesis. Method(s): We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis of three North-European cohorts (n=1,456 PPP cases and 402,050 controls). We then used the scGWAS program to investigate the cell-type specificity of the resulting association signals. We undertook genetic correlation analyses to examine the similarities between PPP and other immune-mediated diseases. Finally, we applied Mendelian randomization to analyze the causal relationship between cigarette smoking and PPP. Result(s): We found that PPP is not associated with the main genetic determinants of plaque psoriasis. Conversely, we identified genome-wide significant associations with the FCGR3A/FCGR3B and CCHCR1 loci. We also observed 13 suggestive (P<5X10-6) susceptibility regions, including the IL4/IL13 interval. Accordingly, we demonstrated a significant genetic correlation between PPP and Th2-mediated diseases like atopic dermatitis and ulcerative colitis. We also found that genes mapping to PPP-associated intervals were preferentially expressed in dendritic cells and enriched for T-cell activation pathways. Finally, we undertook a Mendelian randomization analysis, which supported a causal role of cigarette smoking in PPP. Conclusion(s): The first genome-wide association study of PPP points to a pathogenic role for deregulated Th2 responses and cigarette smoking.

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Cardiac rehabilitation for children and young people (CardioActive): protocol for a single-blind randomised feasibility and acceptability study of a centre-based cardiac rehabilitation programme versus usual care in 11-16 years with heart conditions (2024)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Capobianco, Lora; Hann, Mark; McManus, Emma; Peters, Sarah; Doherty, Patrick Joseph; Ciotti, Giovanna; *Murray, Joanne; Wells, Adrian.

Citation:
BMJ Open. 14(2):e077958, 2024 Feb 24.

Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Congenital heart conditions are among the most common non-communicable diseases in children and young people (CYP), affecting 13.9 million CYP globally. While survival rates are increasing, support for young people adjusting to life with a heart condition is lacking. Furthermore, one in three CYP with heart conditions also experiences anxiety, depression or adjustment disorder, for which little support is offered. While adults are offered cardiac rehabilitation (CR) to support their mental and physical health, this is not offered for CYP.One way to overcome this is to evaluate a CR programme comprising exercise with
mental health support (CardioActive; CA) for CYP with heart conditions. The exercise and mental health components are informed by the metacognitive model, which has been shown to be effective in treating anxiety and depression in CYP and associated with improving psychological outcomes in adult CR. METHOD AND ANALYSIS: The study is a single-blind parallel randomised feasibility trial comparing a CR programme (CA) plus usual care against usual care alone with 100 CYP (50 per arm) aged 11-16 diagnosed with a heart condition. CA will include six group exercise, lifestyle and mental health modules. Usual care consists of routine outpatient management. Participants will be assessed at three time points: baseline, 3-month (post-treatment) and 6-month follow-up. Primary outcomes are feasibility and acceptability (ie, referral rates, recruitment and retention rates, attendance at the intervention, rate of return and level of completion of follow-up data). Coprimary symptom outcomes (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and Paediatric Quality of Life) and a range of secondary outcomes will be administered at each time point. A nested qualitative study will investigate CYP, parents and healthcare staff views of CR and its components, and staff's experience of delivering CA. Preliminary health economic data will be collected to inform future cost-effectiveness analyses. Descriptive data on study processes and clinical outcomes will be reported. Data analysis will follow intention to treat. Qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis and the theoretical framework of acceptability. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted on 14 February 2023 by the Greater Manchester East Research Ethics Committee (22/NW/0367). The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and local dissemination. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN50031147; NCT05968521.

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