Trauma and orthopaedics

Growth plate injuries and management (2015)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
*Dover C., Kiely N.

Citation:
Orthopaedics and Trauma, August 20 15, vol./is. 29/4(261-267)

Abstract:
The growth plate, or physis, is the name given to the area of cartilaginous tis sue found between the epiphysis and metaphysis of skeletally immature bone. The developing growth plate is weaker than surrounding ossified bone and, therefore, at risk of injury before its closure. Previous studies have shown that fractures account for 10-25% of all paediatric injuries, with growth plate injuries accounting for 15-30% of all paediatric bony injury. The upper limb is most likely to be affected, with the distal radius found to be the most common site of fractures in children. The Salter-Harris classification describes growth plate injuries based upon location and likelihood of growth arrest. In addition to growth arrest, injury to the growth plate often stimulates bone repair, which can lead to limb length discrepancy, bone b ridge formation between the metaphysis and epiphysis, and angulation of the bone. The treatment of growth plate fractures ranges from conservative management to operative fixation and bone grafting. Outcome is varied and dependent upon site and grade of the fracture as well as the age of the patient. Regardless of Salter-Harris classification, an important component of management is counselling the parents about the potential risk of future growth arrest and associated sequelae.

Calcaneus osteotomy (2014)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Tennant J.N., *Carmont M., Phisitkul P.

Citation:
Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 2014, vol./is. 7/4(271-276), 1935-973X;1935-9748 (2014)

Abstract:
Calcaneal osteotomy is an extra-articular, joint-sparing procedure that is used in the correction of cavovarus and planovalgus foot deformity. Careful indications and contraindications for the procedure, with meticulous surgical technique, should be followed to avoid complications and to achieve optimal outcomes. Multiple options of osteotomies exist, including translational (medializing and lateralizing calcaneal osteotomy, with ability to slide proximally or distally, closing wedge (Dwyer), and rotational type osteotomies (Evans, Z-osteotomy). Future directions for innovation include developments of both implants and surgical techniques.

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Anatomy of the sural nerve and its relation to the achilles tendon by ultrasound examination (2014)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
Kammar H., *Carmont M.R., Kots E., Laver L., Mann G., Nyska M., Mei-Dan O.

Citation:
Orthopedics, March 2014, vol./is. 37/3(e298-e301), 0147-7447 (March 2014)

Abstract:
Sural nerve injury is a relatively common complication after surgery on the Achilles tendon. Studies to determine the course of the sural nerve have been performed on cadaveric specimens. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to use ultrasound to determine the relations of the sural nerve in a healthy population. The authors performed ultrasound examination of the posterior triangle of the ankle and Achilles tendon to determine the course of the sural nerve relative to the Achilles tendon in healthy participants. The mean distance between the nerve and the tendon was 21.48, 11.47, 5.8, and 0.81 mm lateral to the Achilles tendon as measured at the insertion and 4, 8, and 11 cm proximally, respectively. Male participants tended to have a nerve that was initially more lateral to the Achilles insertion compared with women. The distance between the sural nerve and the Achilles tendon was found to be lower in older participants, with the nerve passing significantly closer to the tendon at all levels (P

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Video Q&A: state-of-the-art therapy for the elite and non-elite athlete: an interview with Mike Carmont (2014)

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Type of publication:
Journal article

Author(s):
*Carmont MR

Citation:
BMC Medicine, 2014, vol./is. 12/(8), 1741-7015;1741-7015 (2014)

Abstract:
In this video Q&A, Mr Mike Carmont answers questions about state-of-the-art treatments for elite athletes, and the progress and challenges behind translating these into successful therapies for the non-elite athlete.

Link to more details or full-text: http://europepmc.org/abstract/PMC/PMC3896799